The field test on cement is a quick and simple method to check the quality and usability of cement at the construction site. These tests help identify whether the cement is fresh, properly stored, and suitable for construction without using laboratory equipment.
Good quality cement should have a uniform greenish-grey colour. Variation in colour indicates improper composition or adulteration.
Insert your hand into the cement bag. The cement should feel cool to touch. If it feels warm, it indicates hydration due to moisture — such cement is not fit for use.
When you insert your hand into a fresh cement bag, it should give a cool sensation. A warm feel means the cement has started reacting with moisture.
Take a pinch of cement between your fingers and rub it gently. Good cement feels smooth, while adulterated or old cement feels gritty.
Throw a small quantity of cement on the surface of water in a bucket. Good cement will float for a while before sinking. If it sinks immediately, it indicates impurities or poor quality.
Open the bag and check for any hard lumps. Lumps indicate moisture absorption — such cement has partially set and should not be used.
Prepare a thick paste of cement with water and spread it on a glass plate. It should set and become hard within a few hours, confirming normal setting properties.
| Test | Observation | Good Cement Indication |
|---|---|---|
| Colour | Greenish grey | Uniform colour |
| Temperature | Cool | Not warm to touch |
| Smoothness | Soft | No grittiness |
| Float Test | Floats then sinks | Acceptable |
| Lumps | None | Fresh and dry |
| Setting | Hardens in few hours | Normal |
Field tests on cement are essential for a preliminary assessment of cement quality before using it in construction. These simple tests—such as checking colour, smoothness, and floating ability—help identify fresh, dry, and usable cement quickly on-site. However, for precise evaluation, laboratory tests as per IS 4031 should be conducted.